Affirming diversity : the sociopolitical context of multicultural education / Sonia Nieto, Patty Bode.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 415-433) and index.

I. Setting the stage: multicultural education within a sociopolitical context. 1. Understanding the sociopolitical context of schooling -- Assumptions underlying this text -- Defining the sociopolitical context of multicultural education -- Qualitative research and choices in methodology -- Conclusion -- 2. Defining multicultural education for school reform / Sonia Nieto -- Why school reform? -- A definition of multicultural education -- Conclusion -- II. Developing a conceptual framework for multicultural education. 3. Racism, discrimination, and expectations of students' achievement -- Racism and discrimination: definitions and dimensions -- Expectations of students' achievement -- The complex connections between diversity and discrimination -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- 4. Structural and organizational issues in classrooms and schools -- Tracking -- Retention -- Standardized testing -- The curriculum -- Pedagogy -- Climate and physical structure -- Disciplinary policies -- The limited role of students -- The limited role of teachers -- Limited family and community involvement -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- 5. Culture, identity, and learning -- Defining culture -- Hybridity: another way of understanding culture -- Influence of culture on learning -- Learning styles and preferences -- Communication style -- Cultural discontinuities and school achievement -- Culture-specific educational accommodations -- A critical appraisal of culture-specific accommodations -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- 6. Linguistic diversity in U.S. Classrooms -- Definitions and demographics -- A brief overview of the history of language diversity in u.s. Schools -- Language diversity, the courts, and the law -- Linguistic diversity and learning -- Understanding language issues in a sociopolitical context -- Approaches to teaching language minority students -- Program models for teaching English language learners -- Problems and challenges -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- 7. Understanding student learning and school achievement -- Caring -- Deficit perspectives -- Economic and social reproduction -- Cultural incompatibilities -- Out-of-school factors (OSFs) -- Resistance and the school-to-prison pipeline -- Cultural-ecological theory: immigration, minorities, and "acting white" -- Complicating theories of identities within school structures -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- III. Implications of diversity for teaching and learning in a multicultural society. 8. Learning from students -- Redefining success and achievement -- Pride and conflict in culture and language -- Beyond academics -- Family, community, and school environments for success -- Conclusion -- Case studies -- 9. Adapting curriculum for multicultural classrooms / Patty Bode -- Curricular adaptation 1: a study of Cambodia and the Cambodian American experience -- Curricular adaptation 2: expanding definitions of family -- Curricular adaptation 3: gay and lesbian literature: expanding topics for inclusive high school content -- Conclusion -- 10. Affirming diversity: implications for teachers, schools, families, and communities -- Lessons from students: maintaining and affirming identity -- Support beyond academics -- Creating affirming environments for learning -- Expanding definitions: what it means to be American -- Levels of multicultural education -- Notes to chapters and case studies.